Lesson ⁦6-2⁩: Air and Water

Science · Fifth Grade, Primary · Unit 6: Protecting Earth's Resources · First Semester

A 10-question quiz; after every question you'll see the right answer with an explanation.
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What will you learn in this lesson?

Air and water are resources living things cannot live without, but pollution threatens them. In this lesson you learn the components of air, the sources of air and water pollution such as acid rain and smog, and ways to protect them.

  • Identifies the components of air and their approximate percentages: nitrogen 78% and oxygen 21%
  • Describes the sources and harms of air pollution, such as acid rain and smog
  • Explains that most of Earth's water is salt water and that fresh water is scarce
  • Suggests ways to conserve water and protect it from pollution

💡 Tip: A common mistake: thinking oxygen is the most common gas in air. Nitrogen is the most common at about 78%, and oxygen is only about 21%.

🤖 Ask Ghada about the lesson

Ghada explains the lesson and answers your questions about it. Log in to get started.

Worked examples from the Air and Water lesson questions

Which gas makes up the largest part of the air?
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Water vapor
✓ Nitrogen
Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the air, and oxygen about 21%.
About what percentage of the air is oxygen?
  • 21%
  • 78%
  • 50%
  • 1%
✓ 21%
Oxygen is about 21% of the air, and it is the gas we need for breathing.
Show more examples (3)
Which of the following is a source of air pollution?
  • Car exhaust and factory smoke
  • Planting trees
  • Solar panels
  • Rainfall
✓ Car exhaust and factory smoke
Burning fuel in cars and factories releases gases and smoke that pollute the air.
What is rain that carries acidic substances from air polluted by factory and car gases called?
  • Acid rain
  • Hail
  • Fog
  • Dew
✓ Acid rain
Polluting gases combine with water vapor in the air to form acids that fall with the rain and harm plants and buildings.
What is smog?
  • A mixture of smoke, fog, and pollutants that covers the sky of some cities
  • A type of rain cloud
  • A pure gas in the air
  • Clear water vapor
✓ A mixture of smoke, fog, and pollutants that covers the sky of some cities
The word smog comes from smoke and fog; it is pollution that appears as a hazy layer over crowded cities.

FAQ about the Air and Water lesson

What is acid rain?

Rain that carries acidic substances formed when gases from factories and car exhaust mix with water vapor in the air. It harms plants and aquatic life and damages buildings and statues.

What is smog?

A mixture of fog, smoke, and polluting gases that appears over crowded cities like a brown cloud. It causes breathing difficulty and eye irritation.

How do I study the lesson Air and Water and test myself on it?

Start the lesson quiz on Study with Ghada: 10 questions from the Science Fifth Grade, Primary question bank. After each answer you'll see the right answer with an explanation, and any questions you miss move to “Review my mistakes” until you master them.

Are Study with Ghada quizzes free and aligned with the curriculum?

Yes, completely free. They're built on the Science - Grade 5 - Semester 1 lessons in the same order as the book, and every question is reviewed and approved by a teacher before students see it.

Unit 6 lessons: Protecting Earth's Resources