Lesson ⁦5-2⁩: Processes That Shape Earth's Surface

Science · Fifth Grade, Primary · Unit 5: Our Changing Earth · First Semester

A 10-question quiz; after every question you'll see the right answer with an explanation.
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What will you learn in this lesson?

Earth's surface is always changing through weathering, erosion, and deposition, and sometimes quickly through earthquakes and volcanoes. In this lesson you understand how water and wind break down rocks and carry them away, and how sand dunes and deltas form.

  • Differentiates between weathering, erosion, and deposition
  • Compares physical weathering with chemical weathering using examples
  • Explains the role of wind in shaping the sand dunes of the Empty Quarter desert
  • Describes rapid changes in Earth's surface caused by earthquakes and volcanoes

💡 Tip: Put the processes in order like a story: weathering breaks the rock apart, erosion carries the pieces away, and deposition drops them in a new place when the water or wind slows down.

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Worked examples from the Processes That Shape Earth's Surface lesson questions

What is the breaking of rocks into smaller pieces called?
  • Weathering
  • Deposition
  • An earthquake
  • Condensation
✓ Weathering
Weathering is the cracking and breaking of rocks by water, air, heat, and living things.
What is the carrying of rock pieces and soil from one place to another by water or wind called?
  • Erosion
  • Weathering
  • Deposition
  • Evaporation
✓ Erosion
Erosion is moving broken material away from its place by flowing water, wind, or ice.
Show more examples (3)
What is it called when sediments are dropped in a new place as water or wind slows down?
  • Deposition
  • Weathering
  • Erosion
  • Melting
✓ Deposition
When water or wind slows down, it drops the sand and mud it carries in a new place.
Water seeped into a crack in a rock, then froze, and the crack widened. What type of process is this?
  • Physical weathering
  • Chemical weathering
  • Deposition
  • An earthquake
✓ Physical weathering
Water expands when it freezes, widening the crack and breaking the rock without changing what it is made of, so it is physical weathering.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
  • Water and air reacting with rocks that contain iron, so they rust and crumble
  • Tree roots growing inside a crack in a rock
  • A rock breaking because it fell from a high place
  • Wind-blown sand rubbing against rocks
✓ Water and air reacting with rocks that contain iron, so they rust and crumble
In chemical weathering, the materials of the rock itself change, as with rust; the others break the rock without changing what it is made of.

FAQ about the Processes That Shape Earth's Surface lesson

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Weathering is breaking rocks into smaller pieces where they are, and erosion is carrying those pieces and soil from one place to another by water, wind, or ice.

What is the difference between physical and chemical weathering?

Physical weathering breaks rock apart without changing what it is made of, such as water freezing in its cracks and widening them. Chemical weathering changes the rock's material itself, such as rusting of rocks that contain iron or acid rain dissolving limestone.

How do I study the lesson Processes That Shape Earth's Surface and test myself on it?

Start the lesson quiz on Study with Ghada: 10 questions from the Science Fifth Grade, Primary question bank. After each answer you'll see the right answer with an explanation, and any questions you miss move to “Review my mistakes” until you master them.

Are Study with Ghada quizzes free and aligned with the curriculum?

Yes, completely free. They're built on the Science - Grade 5 - Semester 1 lessons in the same order as the book, and every question is reviewed and approved by a teacher before students see it.